J. Steven Kite
Department of Geology and Geography
222/223 White Hall
West Virginia University 293-5603, ext. 4330
Morgantown, WV 26506-6300
Kite@WVUGEO.WVNET.EDU or JKITE@WVU.EDU
http://www.geo.wvu.edu/~kite/teaching.htm

Regular Office Hours: Tu 12:30-1:30 and Th 11:30-12:30 or by appointment

Click Here for Class Description
Click Here for Partial Bibliography

Concurrent Readings:  See assignments from Martini and others (2001) below.

Class is scheduled to meet Tu Th 10:00-11:15., but we will not normally meet on Fridays except for field trips or tests. We do meet on Friday for the first two weeks of the semester.
 
Add for 2005:

Hughen et al., 2004, 14C Activity and Global Carbon Cycle Changes over the Past 50,000 Years, Science  303: 202-207

Date	Topic	Possible Readings	Old Readings
19 August	General Glacial Discussion
21 August	Review Glaciers	Ritter & others, 2003 Ch. 9
26 August	Review Glaciers
28 August	Review Periglacial Geomorphology	Ritter & others, 2003 Ch. 10;	Edwards, 1986
29 August	"Basics Test" on Glacial and Periglacial Geomorphology	Ritter & others, 2003 Ch. 11
2 Sept	Schedule Discusssion, Surficial Geology & Geomorphic Mapping, Discuss Basics Test
4 Sept	Lake, Lake Stage & Lake Outlet Database Elevations, Outlet(s), Age, Duration, Depth, Extent, Volume, Sediment Types, Paleoecology, Demise, Maps, References	Assignments for Group Paper Lit Search Western Ontario Lobe + Salamanca Reentrant: Todd Eastern Erie (Grand River, Killbuck) Sublobes : Jeff + Mitzy? Western Erie (Scioto, Miami) Lobe: Steve Eastern Michigan + Huron (Saginaw) Lobes: Sandy Martini & others, 2001, ch 12  GeoRef Database
5 Sept	No class
7 Sept	Blennerhasset Island Geoarcheology Field Work:
8 Sept	Cheat River Canoe Trip Field Work w/ Mitzy
9 Sept	Colluvium Studies		Kite, Behling & Others, in Prep., Behling & others 1993,
11 Sept	Late Wisconsin Glacial History of the Southern Great Lakes	Fullerton, D. S., 1986, Stratigraphy and correlation of glacial deposits from Indiana to New York and New Jersey: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 5, p. 23‑36. Mickelson, David M., Clayton, Lee, Fullerton, David S.., Borns, Harold W., Jr., 1983, The Late Wisconsin Glacial Record of the Laurentide Ice Sheet in the United States: in Wright, H. E., Jr., and Porter, Stephen C., Editors, Late Quaternary environments of the United States: The late Pleistocene,: Minneapolis, MN, USA, University of Minnesota Press, 3-37. Wright, H.F., Jr., 1987, Synthesis, the land South of the ice sheets, in Ruddiman, W.F., and Wright, H.E., Jr., editors, North America and adjacent oceans during the last deglaciation: Boulder, Colorado, Geological Society of America, (The Geology of North America), v. K-3, p. 479-488.	Fullerton, David S; Richmond, Gerald M., 1986, Comparison of the marine oxygen isotope record, the eustatic sea level record, and the chronology of glaciation in the United States of America: Quaternary Science Reviews, vol. 5, p. 197-200..
12 Sept	No Class, Stream Reclamation Field Work w/ Wendy Igo, Tucker Co.
14 Sept	Nicholas County Colluvium Field Work & Trip
16 Sept	Periglacial Geomorphology	Millar, Susan B. and Nelson, Frederick E., 2003, Influence of clast axial ratio on macrofabric strength in periglacial colluvium: Journal of Sedimentary Research. v. 73, no. 5, p. 720-724. Millar, Susan B. and Nelson, Frederick E., 2001, Clast fabric in relict periglacial colluvium, Salamanca re-entrant, southwestern New York, USA: Geografiska Annaler. Series A: Physical Geography, v. 83, no. 3, p. 145-156. Eaton, L. Scott, Benjamin A. Morgan, R. Craig Kochel, and Alan D. Howard, 2003,  Quaternary deposits and landscape evolution of the central Blue Ridge of Virginia: Geomorphology, v. 56, no. 1-2, p. 139-154.	Clark and Ciolkosz, 1988; Gardner and others 1991; Gray and Gardner 1977; Gray and others, 1979; Hoover and Ciolkosz, 1988; Kochel 1986; Pomeroy 1983. Marsh, 1987; Smith, H.T.U., 1950.
18 Sept	Pre-Wisconsin Glaciation of the Southern Great Lakes	Richmond, Gerald M; Fullerton, David S., 1986, Introduction to Quaternary glaciations in the United States of America: Quaternary Science Reviews, vol. 5, p. 3-10.  Richmond, Gerald M; Fullerton, David S., 1986, Summation of Quaternary glaciations in the United States of America: Quaternary Science Reviews, vol. 5, p. 183-196. Bowen, D Q; Richmond, Gerald M; Fullerton, David S; Sibrava, Vladimir; Fulton, R J; Velichko, A. A., 1986,  Correlation of Quaternary glaciations in the Northern Hemisphere: Quaternary Science Reviews, vol. 5, p. 509-510.  Braun, Duane D; Ciolkosz, Edward J; Inners, Jon D; Epstein, Jack B; Clark, G Michael; Sasowsky, Ira D; Koberle, Robin, 1994, Late Wisconsinan to pre-Illinoian(G?) glacial and periglacial events in eastern Pennsylvania (guidebook for the 57th field conference, Friends of the Pleistocene Northeastern Section, May 20-22, 1994, Hazleton, Pennsylvania), U. S. Geological Survey Open-File Report OF 94-0434, 117 p.	Also of interest  Fullerton, David S., 1986, Stratigraphy and correlation of glacial deposits from Indiana to New York and New Jersey: Quaternary Science Reviews, vol.5, p. 23-37. Fullerton, David S; Richmond, Gerald M., 1986, Comparison of the marine oxygen isotope record, the eustatic sea level record, and the chronology of glaciation in the United States of America: Quaternary Science Reviews, vol. 5, p. 197-200
19 Sept	No class, Stream Restoration Field  Recon
23 Sept	Appalachian Quaternary Climate	Maxwell and Davis 1972	Delcourt and Delcourt, 1986; Watts, 1983; Larabee 1986 Kneller, M. and D. Peteet, 1993, Late-Quaternary climate in the Ridge and Valley of Virginia, U.S.A.: changes in vegetation and depositional environment: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 12, p. 613-628.
25 Sept	No Class
26 Sept 1:30 - 5:00	Coopers Rock Colluvium Field Trip	Springer, G.S. and Kite, J.S., 1997. An introduction to the geomorphology of the Cheat River Canyon, West Virginia. Guidebook to the Spring 1997 Southeastern Friends of the Pleistocene (SEFOP) Fieldtrip, 82 pp.
27 Sept  SAT 8:00 am to 8:00 pm	Blue Ridge Field Trip led by Todd Grote	Grote & Kite, in prep
30 Sept	Teays River-Ohio River History	Goldthwait, R.P., 1991, The Teays Valley Problem; A Historical Perspective, in Melhorn, W.N., and Kempton, J.P., eds., Geology and hydrogeology of the Teays-Mahomet Bedrock Valley System: Boulder, CO, Geol. Soc. Amer. Spec. Paper 258, p. 3-8. Bonnett, R.B., Noltimier, H.C., and Sanderson, D.D., 1991, A paleomagnetic study of the early Pleistocene Minford Silt Member, Teays Formation, West Virginia, in Melhorn, W.N., and Kempton, J.P., eds., Geology and hydrogeology of the Teays-Mahomet Bedrock Valley System: Boulder, CO, Geological Society of America Special Paper 258, p. 9-18. Teller, J.T., 1987, Proglacial lakes and southern margin of the Laurentide Ice Sheet in Ruddiman, W.F., and Wright, H.F., Jr., North America and adjacent oceans during the last deglaciation: Boulder, Colorado, Geological Society of America, The Geology of North America, v. K-3, p. 39-69.	Full  Reading List
2 Oct	Deglaciation of the Eastern Erie SubLobes	White, 1982 Shepps and others, 1959 Shepps and others, 1969
3 Oct	No Class
5 Oct 8:00 am to 8:00 pm	1 Day Field Trip Western Pennsylvania,  Quaternary Ice Margins, Paleofloods, Outwash	D'Urso, 1999 (excerpt),  Preston, 1950 (excerpt); 1977; Watson, D.W., 1989, Slippery Rock Creek Gorge in Western Pennsylvania, A Proposed Glacial Origin: Northeastern Geology, Vol. 11, No. 1, 1989, p. 50-55.
7 Oct	New England & the Maritime Provinces	Hughes and others, 1985 Borns, 1985
9 Oct	Vicarious Web-Based Field Trip to See Real Glaciers	Lowell's University of Cincinnati website: http://tvl1.geo.uc.edu/ice/Image/imageref.html
10 Oct	Mid-Term	Click here for comments on 1999 mid-term Test will be written as a closed book test, but you may use notes, readings, etc. as study aids.  Time is limited, so come prepared as there will be very opportunity to look things up whlie writing your answers. There will be at least 7 (seven) questions on the test, from which you must answer 5 (five).	Includes Ch. 1-12 in Martini & others, 2001
14 Oct	No Class; Kite + Mitzy Blennerhasset Island Archeology Site	Others Welcome to Tag Along
16 Oct	Keynote Address by Kite (2003 Paleoflood Conf. Paper)	Kite 2003 (Abstract)
17-19 Oct	Southeastern Friends of the Pleistocene Trip, Lancaster PA, $25.00 registration fee
21 Oct	Cordilleran Ice Complex; Pluvial Lakes	Excerpts from these field trip guides: Clark, D., Gillespie, A.R., Clark, M., Burke, R., 2003, Mountain glaciations of the Sierra Nevada, in Easterbrook, Don J., 2003, INQUA 2003 Field Guide Volume Quaternary Geology of the United States, Desert Research Institute, Reno, Nevada, p. 287-312. Dethier, D.P., Benedict, J.B., Birkeland, P.W., Caine, N., Davis, P.T., Madole, R.F., Patterson, P.E., Price, A.B., Schildgen, T.F., and Shroba, R. R., 2003, Quaternary stratigraphy, geomorphology, soils, and alpine archaeology in an alpine-to-plains transect, Colorado Front Range, in Easterbrook, Don J., 2003, INQUA 2003 Field Guide Volume Quaternary Geology of the United States, Desert Research Institute, Reno, Nevada, p. 81-104. Reheis, M., Redwine, J., Adams, K., Stine, S., Parker, K., Negrini, R., Burke, R., Kurth, G., McGeehin, J., Paces, J., Phillips, F., Sarna-Wojcicki, A., and Smoot, J., 2003, Pliocene to Holocene lakes in the western Great Basin: New perspectives on paleoclimate, landscape dynamics, tectonics, and paleodistribution of aquatic species, in Easterbrook, Don J., 2003, INQUA 2003 Field Guide Volume Quaternary Geology of the United States, Desert Research Institute, Reno, Nevada, p. 155-194.
23 Oct	Beringia & Peopling of North America	Maps: Morlan, Richard E., 1996, Map of Beringia at the height of the last glaciation, YukonBeringiaInterpretiveCenter, http://www.beringia.com/02/02a12map.htm Brigham-Grette, Julie and Keigwin, Lloyd, Driscoll, Neal, 2002, Marine Climate and Relative Sea Level Across Central Beringia , June 15-July 7, & August 26 - Sept 17, 2002, Cruises of the USCGC Healy, Bering and Chukchi Sea. URL: http://www.geo.umass.edu/beringia/ Sea-Level History Manley, W.F., 2002, Bering Land Bridge Animation: Overview, INSTAAR, University of Colorado, http://instaar.colorado.edu/QGISL/bering_land_bridge/blb_overview.html Manley, W.F., 2002, Postglacial Flooding of the Bering Land Bridge: A Geospatial Animation: INSTAAR, University of Colorado, v1, http://instaar.colorado.edu/QGISL/bering_land_bridge Archeology: Jordan, David K., 2003, Prehistoric Beringia: Homeland of the Peoples of the Americas, URL: http://weber.ucsd.edu/~dkjordan/arch/beringia.html Morlan, Richard E., 1996, Beringia, YukonBeringiaInterpretiveCenter, URL http://www.beringia.com/02/02maina9.html
28 Oct	Deglaciation of the Salamanca Reentrant & the eastern margin of the Ontario Lobe	Muller, Ernest H., 1977, Late Glacial and early postglacial environments in western New York, in Newman, W. S. and Salwen, B., editors, Amerinds and their paleoenvironments in northeastern North America: Annals of the New York Academy of Science, v. 288, p. 223-233.  Read Abstract and Look at Figures Calkin, Parker E., and Muller, Ernest H., 1992, Pleistocene stratigraphy of the Erie and Ontario lake bluffs in New York, in Fletcher, Charles H. and Wehmiller, John F., Quaternary Coasts of the United States: Marine and Lacustrine Systems, SEPM Special Publication No. 48, p 385-396.
30 Oct	Deglaciation of the Western Erie Sublobes	Johnson, W Hilton; Hansel, Ardith K; Bettis, E Arthur, III; Karrow, Paul F; Larson, Grahame J; Lowell, Thomas V; Schneider, Allan F.,  Late Quaternary temporal and event classifications, Great Lakes region, North America: Quaternary Research, v. 47, no. 1, p. 1-12.
31 Oct - 7 Nov	GSA meeting in Seattle, No Classes Friday - Friday
8 Nov	Cheat & Potomac Rivers 1985 Flood & Patterned Ground Trip with GEOL 493
9 Nov	Ice Mountain Field Temperature Data Logger Work/Trip	Andrews, 1993 Kite and Andrews 2003 (Poster outside 223 White)
11 Nov	Deglaciation of the Huron and eastern Michigan Lobes
13 Nov	Proglacial Lakes of the Eastern Erie SubLobes	Calkin, Parker and Feenstra, Bern, 1985, Evolution of the Erie-Basin Great Lakes in Karrow, P.F. and Calkin, P.E., editors, Quaternary Evolution of the Great Lakes: Geological Association of Canada Special Paper 30, p. 149-170.
14 Nov	Frank Pazzaglia Colloquium	Pazzaglia, F.J. and Gardner, T.W.  1993.  Fluvial Terraces of the lower Susquehanna River, Geomorphology, 8, 83-113.	Pazzaglia, F.J., Gardner, T.W., and Merrits, D. J.  1998.  Bedrock fluvial incision and longitudinal profile development over geologic time scales determined by fluvial terraces, in, Rivers over Rock: Fluvial Processes in Bedrock Channels, Tinkler and Wohl, eds., Geophysical Union Monograph 107, pp. 207-235.
16 Nov	Field Trip Snow Date
18 Nov	Proglacial Lakes of the Western Erie SubLobes	Ohio Division of Geological Survey, 2002, Shaded Elevation Map of Ohio,  Ohio Department of Natural Resources, 2 p. incl. 1 map. URL: http://ohiodnr.com/geosurvey/pdf/sem_spec.pdf Mickelson, David M., et al. 1983: See above reference.
20 Nov	Proglacial Lakes of the Salamanca Renetrant and the Eastern Ontario Lobe	Muller, Ernest H., and Prest, V.K., 1985, Evolution of the Erie-Basin Great Lakes in Karrow, P.F. and Calkin, P.E., editors, Quaternary Evolution of the Great Lakes: Geological Association of Canada Special Paper 30, p. 213-229.  Muller, Ernest H., Braun, Duane D., Young, Richard A., and Wilson, Michael P., 1988, Morphogenesis of the Genesee Valley: Northeastern Geology, v. 10, p. 112-133.
21-30 Nov	Thanksgiving Break
2 Dec	Proglacial Lakes of the Huron and eastern Michigan Lobes	Gray, Henry H., 1974, Glacial Lake Sediments in Salt Creek Valley near Bedford, Indiana: Indiana Geological Survey Occasional Paper (Bloomington), v. 1, 10 p. Thornbury, William David, 1940, Glacial Lakes Quincy and Eminence [Indiana]: Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science, vol.49, pp.131-144
4 Dec	Global Records of Glaciation & Climate Change	PAGES website "overheads"  http://www.pages.unibe.ch/products/overheads/list.html
11 Dec Thursday, Noon	Deadline for All Work in this Class
12 Dec. (Friday) 11:00 a.m.	Final Exam, in class	2003 Final Exam (Powerpoint)	Includes Ch. 13-15 in Martini & others, 2001

By-Passed Topics

Arctic Canada

Field Trip? Meadowcroft Rock Shelter & Northern WV Panhandle:

Spokane Flood VHS
 

Concurrent Readings:  Assignments from Martini and others, 2001

I suggest completing the chapters in the following order:

Read the first 12 Chapters before the Mid-term

Ch 1. 

Ch 2. Pay particular attention to "physical properties" p. 11-16, but skim "snow hazards and resources.

Ch 10,(Read this before our 27 Sept Trip to the Blue Ridge); ponder which features are likely to persist long after the permafrost has melted.

Ch 3, Although much of this is review, this chapter put a lot more meat on to the basics of glaciers. Note Figure 3.3 with respect to the Appalachians

Ch 4, Read this chapter with an eye toward how erosional features, such as striae and P-forms, can be used to reconstruct paleo-flow of glaciers.

Ch 5, Anticipate how the topics of this chapter leads into the field of glacial stratigraphy.Examine figure 5.7 and ponder where Canadian Shield erratics would be common and where they would be uncommon.

Ch 6, Read this chapter with an eye toward how depositional landforms can be used to reconstruct paleoglaciers.

Ch 7, Veterans of Geo 621 may want to skip to the facies section beginning on p. 135.Beware that the facies codes of Table 7.1 are widely used for glaciofluvial depsoits, and expanded into till facies.Make a concerted effort to differentiate glaciofluvial landforms from glaciofluvial deposits, even though these are covered in the same chapter.

Ch 8, Ponder large scale currents, as shown on figure 8.5, because these will be very important to global climates and ice-ocean systems.

Ch 9, Eolian deposits are important LOCALLY in the Eastern US.

Ch 11, Focus on dating tools.

Ch 12, Focus on isostacy and the Great Lakes

Read the last three chapters before the final exam.

Ch 13,Read this chapter carefully, the material could easily make up a whole course.

Ch 14, Really neat stuff, but I would read it like a magazine article.

Ch 15, Like Ch 13, this chapter is loaded with content.Pay attention to Box 15.1.